A horizon scan of future threats and opportunities for pollinators and pollination
نویسندگان
چکیده
Background. Pollinators, which provide the agriculturally and ecologically essential service of pollination, are under threat at a global scale. Habitat loss and homogenisation, pesticides, parasites and pathogens, invasive species, and climate change have been identified as past and current threats to pollinators. Actions to mitigate these threats, e.g., agri-environment schemes and pesticide-use moratoriums, exist, but have largely been applied post-hoc. However, future sustainability of pollinators and the service they provide requires anticipation of potential threats and opportunities before they occur, enabling timely implementation of policy and practice to prevent, rather than mitigate, further pollinator declines. Methods.Using a horizon scanning approach we identified issues that are likely to impact pollinators, either positively or negatively, over the coming three decades. Results.Our analysis highlights six high priority, and nine secondary issues. High priorities are: (1) corporate control of global agriculture, (2) novel systemic pesticides, (3) novel RNA viruses, (4) the development of new managed pollinators, (5) more frequent heatwaves and drought under climate change, and (6) the potential positive impact of reduced chemical use on pollinators in non-agricultural settings. Discussion. While current pollinator management approaches are largely driven by mitigating past impacts, we present opportunities for pre-emptive practice, legislation, and policy to sustainably manage pollinators for future generations.
منابع مشابه
Hundred Years of Teacher Training in Iran: Opportunities, Threats, and Future Outlook
Hundred Years of Teacher Training in Iran: Opportunities, Threats, and Future Outlook A. Saafi* The history of formal education in Iran shows that teacher training, in its contemporary meaning, started in 1918 when the first center for training male teachers (Daarolmo’allemin) along with Daarolmo’allemaat for female teachers was established. During the past one hundred years tremendous ...
متن کاملInvestigating Pollination of Astragalus spp. Species in Karsanak rangelands, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province
In this study, pollination of 6 herbaceous astragalus species including three rare herbaceous vegetative forms (As. Caraganae, As. Heterophyllus and As. Holopsilus) and three common herbaceous vegetative forms (As. Angustiflorus, As. Curvirostris and As. Effusus) and 6 shrub astragalus species includes three rare shrub vegetative forms (As. Cephalanthus, As. Camphylanthus and As. Cemerinus) and...
متن کاملتعیین ضریب عملکرد پروژه در مدیریت ارزش کسب شده با استفاده از مدیریت ریسک به منظور تخمین نتایج پایانی کار پیمانکاران
One of the common questions in all projects, is "How much would be the final cost of the project?" or "How much would be the completion duration of the project?". Earned Value Management presents a method for estimation of these results. In general methods and formula of Earned Value Management, future trend of project, are anticipated completely based on its previous trend, and changes in envi...
متن کاملEffects of some Ggronomic Techniques on Oil Yield and Composition of Oenothera biennis L.
Evening Primrose oil (Oenothera biennis L.) is a rich source of Gamma linolenic acid (GLA) and other useful unsaturated fatty acids. Despite the diversity of sources of GLA, due to better absorption in the human body, evening primrose oil is the main source of GLA. In this study, the effects of pollination, harvesting method and application of salicylic acid on yield, yield components, and qual...
متن کاملتدوین استراتژی با روش ماتریس سوات:مطالعه موردی شرکت فراپیوند
In today's world that wonderful changes and developments perpetually occur in various areas, especially in information technology, the environment has undergone extreme instability and competitions have become very intensive. Therefore, to be successful in competitions, organizations should be futuristic and use environment-oriented planning in a way that they would be able to identify environ...
متن کامل